Ura-nage / 裏投: Two Different, Thought Provoking Versions

Comparing the Kata and Demonstrated Versions of Ura Nage

Two Different Contexts of Ura Nage

Ura Nage is one of Judo’s most dramatic throws, and its versions highlight distinct training purposes. The Nage no Kata form differs noticeably from the Kodokan’s demonstrated version, yet both share essential lifting mechanics.

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The Kata Version

In Nage no Kata, the first video below, Uke begins by striking downward at Tori. Tori evades the attack, lowers the body beneath the strike, and positions the hands, one on Uke’s back near the belt, the other on Uke’s abdomen. Tori uses Uke’s forward momentum to arch backward and execute the throw powerfully behind. This version emphasises timing, evasion, and the redirection of energy through controlled movement.

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The Demonstrated Kodokan Version

The Kodokan’s official demonstration, the second video below, shows Ura Nage in another situation. Here, Uke attacks with a forward throw attempt, appearing similar to Koshi Guruma. Tori reacts decisively, grasping Uke’s hips, lifting strongly, and projecting Uke high before driving the body forcefully onto the mat. This variation illustrates Ura Nage’s effectiveness as a counter technique against committed forward attacks.

Shared Core Elements

Despite these contextual differences, both variations display Ura Nage’s striking essence. Tori grips tightly around Uke’s waist or torso, lifts using the hips and legs, and maintains control until the throw completes. The lifting action defines the throw, combining explosive strength with precise timing to create maximum impact.

Value for Judoka

Studying both forms deepens understanding of Judo principles. The Kata version teaches evasion and redirection, while the demonstration highlights live application in counterattacks. Together, they reveal Ura Nage’s adaptability and importance within Judo’s technical system.

For more details on Ura Nage variations, see the Kodokan Judo Institute.

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Richard
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KATA version


A Different Non KATA VERSION

Uchi Mata: Three Unique Perspectives from Judo Experts

Mastering Uchimata: Three Unique Perspectives from Judo Experts

The uchimata (inner thigh throw) is one of Judo’s most iconic and devastating techniques, captivating practitioners with its blend of timing, balance, and dynamic movement. Recently, I explored three instructive videos, each offering a unique take on the mechanics and strategies behind this throw. Here, I’ll break down the essence of uchimata as presented in each, so you can discover which approach best fits your style or level.

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1. Uchimata in Kenkayutsu – Attacking the Front Leg

The first video focuses on executing uchimata from a kenkayutsu (cross stance) position, targeting the opponent’s front leg—a common obstacle in classical uchimata. This version is particularly accessible for those who may not possess explosive leg strength, as it splits the throw into two distinct stages:

• Stage One: The tori (thrower) uses their foot to disrupt the opponent’s balance, focusing on placing the back of the knee against the opponent’s kneecap. The goal is to coax the front leg backward, opening a path for the throw.
• Stage Two: The tori rotates their foot and sweeps, again with the back of the knee connecting to the target leg, this time swinging the leg sideways rather than lifting high. The hands—one twisting and pulling, the other lifting—work in harmony to control the opponent’s upper body.

This approach demystifies uchimata for those who struggle with the “big lift,” emphasising angles, off-balancing, and directional force over raw power.

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2. Seminar with Sensei – World and Olympic Champion Uchimata

The second video documents a seminar led by a renowned Japanese sensei—World and Olympic Champion—who delves deeply into uchimata’s precision and adaptability.

He underscores several key points:

• Arm and Grip Action: The sweep hand twists up and towards the shoulder, fingers leading, while the other hand draws the opponent’s body close to you, maximising control and kuzushi (off-balance).
• Entry & Footwork: The tori drops their centre of gravity and steps in deeply, keeping the body upright and knees bent. The supporting foot rotates under the opponent, and entry is both quick and precise.
• Execution: The tori elevates the opponent’s body with the lifting leg while keeping the upper body straight, then rotates sharply, guiding the opponent down and through the mat.
• Adaptations: Against stronger or resistant opponents, he demonstrates a spinning uchimata, breaking the grip and throwing with a circular motion. He details different approaches for left-handed opponents (two-step version) and shares practical tips for adjusting grip and entry based on size or resistance.

His demonstration is a masterclass in fundamentals and subtle adjustments, stressing the importance of bringing the opponent close and maintaining strong body posture throughout the throw.

Interestingly, his leg action is closer to Hani Goshi than Uchi mata, thus suggesting that this is more a very effective Hani Goshi. But there is no reason to think that the leg action could not be more on the opposite leg and still be just as effective as Uchi Mata.

3. "Nukimatan" – A Rear Uchimata Variation

The third video presents a succinct, advanced variation called "抜きまたん" (Nukimatan). Here, the tori:

• Engages directly, stepping in head-on.
• Executes a rear uchimata by lifting up the opponent’s inner thigh from behind.
• Finishes by pulling them down, illustrating how the technique can be effective from a close engagement, using leverage and direction rather than a dramatic lift.

This streamlined version of uchimata is especially effective for close quarters or when direct engagement is required. The key is sharply lifting the inner thigh, then using gravity and grip to pull the opponent toward the mat.

Conclusion: Different Roads to the Same Throw

Each of these videos highlights a different entry, grip, or strategic focus, yet all share the fundamental principles of uchimata: creating off-balance, entering deeply, and redirecting the opponent’s energy. Whether you prefer a front-leg attack from cross stance, the classic championship style emphasising posture and grip, or an advanced rear variation, mastering the details of uchimata will not only boost your technical repertoire but deepen your understanding of Judo's dynamic nature.

Have you tried these variations? Share your experiences or thoughts in the comments! Don’t forget to check out the full videos for demonstrations and deeper technical instruction.

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Sensai
Richard
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Maruyama Style Super Uchi Mata.

KOSEI INOUE CLINCI-UCHIMATA

Mafune Uchi Mata

Yoko-Otoshi - 横落 - & Its Best Execution

Understanding and Applying Yoko-Otoshi in Judo

Yoko-Otoshi (横落, "Side Drop") is a side sacrifice throw in Judo, classified under Sutemi-waza (sacrifice techniques), specifically Yoko-sutemi-waza (side sacrifice techniques). It's one of the original 40 throws developed by Jigoro Kano and belongs to the Gokyo no Waza, fifth group.

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Basic Mechanics

Tori off-balances Uke to the front corner or directly forward, then drops to the side, pulling Uke over and across their body. Unlike many throws that require a sweeping or lifting motion, Yoko-Otoshi relies heavily on timing and direction of force.

Key Points

• Off-balance: Pull Uke forward and slightly to the side.
• Entry: Step across Uke’s body while maintaining kuzushi (balance breaking).
• Execution: Drop directly to your side (not your back), and pull Uke over the top.
• Landing: Uke falls forward and diagonally, while Tori stays mostly on their side.

Common Setups

Yoko-Otoshi works well against opponents who resist forward throws or are pushing into you. It’s often paired with feints like Seoi-nage or Tai-otoshi.

Variations and Related Throws

• Yoko-gake: Similar drop, but more of a hooking action on Uke’s leg.
• Tani-otoshi: Also a side drop but usually done as a counter.
• Hikikomi-gaeshi: From a pulling guard-like position, often seen in competition transitions.

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Timing and Control in Yoko-Otoshi

Yoko-Otoshi depends more on timing than strength. Tori must sense the right moment when Uke is vulnerable to a forward or diagonal pull. This often happens when Uke pushes forward or attempts to resist backward motion.

Rather than forcing the throw, Tori should guide Uke's momentum. A well-timed pull and sudden drop to the side can unbalance even a larger opponent. The effectiveness of Yoko-Otoshi lies in redirection rather than collision.

Judoka often learn this technique after gaining experience with basic standing throws. It requires confidence in falling, precise control of the hands, and understanding of kuzushi. Attempting it too early in one's training can result in poor execution or injury.

Hand Placement and Body Movement

Gripping plays a key role in Yoko-Otoshi. A standard sleeve and lapel grip offers the best control. As Tori drops to the mat, both hands must stay active. The pulling arm guides Uke’s fall, while the lapel grip maintains tension and direction.

Tori's body movement resembles a side roll. The hips drop low, the shoulders turn, and the back leg extends for support. Avoid collapsing backward. Instead, commit to the side drop, keeping your spine aligned and your core engaged.

The goal is to create a void where Uke loses balance and falls into it. If done correctly, Uke should land cleanly, with little resistance.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

One common error is falling backward instead of sideways. This shifts the direction of force and reduces control. Another mistake involves a weak grip or pulling too early. Timing is critical, and releasing too soon causes Uke to regain balance.

Tori must also avoid sprawling or twisting during the drop. Clean movement ensures Uke’s fall is direct and controlled. Always keep your body compact and your focus on guiding Uke’s upper body.

Yoko-Otoshi in Randori and Competition

While less common in competition, Yoko-Otoshi appears as a surprise attack or counter. Judoka sometimes use it after failed forward throws. It also works well against aggressive opponents who lean too far forward.

In randori, Yoko-Otoshi provides an excellent way to develop sensitivity to balance shifts. It teaches the value of timing, angle, and commitment. Practising this throw helps judoka develop a deeper understanding of side sacrifice techniques.

By mastering Yoko-Otoshi, you gain access to a subtle but powerful tool in your judo arsenal.

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Richard
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Uki-waza, Yoko-otoshi, Tani-otoshi: Comparing 3 Judo Throws

Comparison of Uki-waza, Yoko-otoshi, and Tani-otoshi

Sutemi-waza, or sacrifice techniques, are an essential part of Judo, requiring Tori to give up balance to throw Uke effectively. These techniques can be categorized into rear and side sacrifices, each offering unique advantages. I have compared Sutemi-waza before, but I have realised that I gave no description of their execution. Below you will be able to see the comparison of execution for Uki-waza, Yoko-otoshi, and Tani-otoshi in both the description and video.

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Uki-waza (浮技) - Floating Technique

• Category: Ma-sutemi-waza (rear sacrifice technique)
• Mechanics: Tori pulls Uke forward while dropping onto their back, often with a twisting motion to off-balance Uke.
• Execution: Uke is pulled forward and over Tori’s body as Tori sacrifices balance backward.
• Key Difference: Unlike Yoko-otoshi and Tani-otoshi, Uki-waza relies more on forward motion and a floating sensation rather than a direct block.

Yoko-otoshi (横落) - Side Drop

• Category: Yoko-sutemi-waza (side sacrifice technique)
• Mechanics: Tori drops sideways while pulling Uke into the fall, using momentum rather than a blocking leg.
• Execution: Tori falls directly to their side, pulling Uke straight down. The drop creates a void that causes Uke to collapse into the space.
• Key Difference: Yoko-otoshi does not use a blocking leg, unlike Tani-otoshi. It relies entirely on pulling force and body position to execute the throw.

Tani-otoshi (谷落) - Valley Drop

• Category: Yoko-sutemi-waza (side sacrifice technique)
• Mechanics: Tori steps behind Uke’s leg and sacrifices balance backward, forcing Uke to fall into the "valley."
• Execution: Tori blocks one of Uke’s legs while pulling them backward, using gravity and leverage rather than pulling momentum alone.
• Key Difference: Tani-otoshi uses a blocking leg to disrupt Uke’s balance, while Yoko-otoshi does not.

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Summary of Differences

Technique	Category	Direction of Throw	Key Mechanic
Uki-waza	Ma-sutemi-waza	Forward	Tori drops backward, pulling Uke over them
Yoko-otoshi	Yoko-sutemi-waza	Side	Tori drops sideways without using a leg block
Tani-otoshi	Yoko-sutemi-waza	Backward	Tori steps behind Uke’s leg and pulls them backward

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Richard
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Harai Tsurikomi Ashi: Elegance & Strategy

Understanding Harai Tsurikomi Ashi: A Fundamental Judo Technique

Harai Tsurikomi Ashi is a highly effective foot throw in Judo. This technique combines sweeping movement with a strong pull, which can help throw an opponent off balance. Judokas need to master this technique as it reinforces the principles of balance, movement, and timing in Judo.

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The Basics of Harai Tsurikomi Ashi

Unlike De Ashi Bari, the Nage (thrower) utilizes their foot to sweep one of the opponent's feet while simultaneously pulling them forward. The movement creates a moment of instability, allowing the Nage to execute the throw effectively. Proper execution relies heavily on technique and posture. With practice, athletes can develop the timing needed to surprise their opponent during a match.

Learning the Technique

Steve Cunningham's video provides valuable insights into this judo technique. Although the instructional video never fully materialized, it captures essential elements of Harai Tsurikomi Ashi clearly. The video features Fred Spaeth, a Sandan (third-degree black belt), showcasing the foot throw in a dojo setting.

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Key Components

The video breaks down key components of the technique, highlighting loop sequences and defence strategies. Viewers can find useful timestamps for various elements: the second yoten at 4:09, defence principles at 7:50 min, and the application of the throw at 9:53 min. This structure allows learners to revisit specific areas as they refine their skills.

Benefits of Mastering Harai Tsurikomi Ashi

Mastering the technique enhances a judoka's offensive and defensive capabilities. This technique is not only about throwing an opponent but also about learning how to maintain balance while in motion. It fosters an understanding of weight distribution and movement dynamics, which are crucial in Judo.

In Practice

Regular practice of this throw can lead to significant improvements in a judoka’s overall performance. Athletes should focus on practised movements to build muscle memory. Feedback from experienced mentors can also play a critical role in honing this technique.

Elegance And Strategy

Harai Tsurikomi Ashi embodies the elegance and strategy of Judo. By dedicating time to mastering this throw, practitioners can enhance their skills and confidence on the mat. Embracing this technique will undoubtedly prepare judokas for a successful journey in the art of Judo.

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Richard

Finding the Spirit of Judo in the Heart of Christmas

Finding the Spirit of Judo in the Heart of Christmas: A Festive Journey on the Tatami

'Tis the season to be merry, and what better way to celebrate the joy of Christmas than by exploring the parallels between the festive spirit and the essence of Judo? In the world of martial arts, Judo stands out not just as a physical discipline but also as a philosophy that extends beyond the dojo. Let's embark on a festive journey that intertwines the principles of Judo with the magic of Christmas. Finding the Spirit of Judo in the Heart of Christmas: A Festive Journey on the Tatami

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Unity and Harmony

At the core of Judo lies the principle of maximum efficiency with minimum effort, emphasizing the importance of harmony and balance. Similarly, Christmas is a time when people come together, setting aside differences to celebrate unity and goodwill. On the tatami, practitioners learn to blend their energy with their opponents, finding harmony in movement. This echoes the spirit of Christmas, where families and friends harmonize their efforts to create a joyful atmosphere.

Respect and Courtesy

Christmas is a time for spreading kindness, and on the tatami, respect is fundamental. In Judo, practitioners bow before stepping onto the mat, acknowledging their respect for their training partners and the art itself. This humility and courtesy resonate with the values of Christmas, where people exchange greetings, express gratitude, and treat each other with kindness.

Giving and Receiving

In the spirit of Christmas, giving takes centre stage. Judo, too, emphasizes the concept of mutual welfare and benefit. On the mat, partners work together, giving and receiving techniques for mutual improvement. This symbiotic relationship reflects the generosity and selflessness of the holiday season.

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Perseverance and Discipline

The journey of a Judoka is one of continuous improvement, requiring discipline and perseverance. Christmas, with its festive preparations and traditions, also demands commitment and effort. The disciplined mindset cultivated in Judo can be applied to navigate the holiday season with grace, ensuring that the joy of Christmas is not overshadowed by stress.

Adaptability and Flexibility

Just as Judo encourages adaptability in response to an opponent's movements, Christmas often brings unexpected surprises and challenges. Embracing the festive spirit requires flexibility in plans and attitudes, reminding us that, much like on the tatami, life's twists and turns can be navigated with an open mind and heart.

As you enjoy the warmth of Christmas

As you enjoy the warmth of Christmas and the exhilaration of Judo, take a moment to reflect on the shared values that make these experiences so enriching. The principles of unity, respect, giving, perseverance, and adaptability are threads that weave through both the tatami and the festive season. So, as you celebrate this Christmas, let the spirit of Judo guide you to a harmonious and joyful holiday season.

Merry Christmas, Judoka!

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Richard

足車 & 大車 & 払腰 / Ashi-guruma & O-guruma & Harai-goshi

Understanding Ashi-guruma, O-guruma, Harai-goshi Techniques in Judo

Judo is a dynamic martial art that emphasizes balance, leverage, and technique. Among the many techniques practised in judo, Ashi-guruma, O-guruma, and Harai-goshi techniques in Judo stand out for their effectiveness in unbalancing an opponent and executing a successful throw. But what is the difference between them? Each technique has its unique characteristics and applications.

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Ashi-guruma: The Foot Wheel Technique

Ashi-guruma, translated as "foot wheel," is a technique that effectively breaks an opponent's balance. To execute this technique, a judoka uses their right leg, placing it against the opponent’s right knee to create a pivot point. This action forces the opponent to rotate, making it easier to throw them to the ground. Practitioners often utilize Ashi-guruma when the opponent is moving forward, allowing the judoka to gain an advantage by redirecting their force.

O-guruma: The Major Wheel Technique

O-guruma, or "major wheel," involves a similar concept but with a crucial difference in leg placement. Here, the judoka uses their right leg to wrap around the opponent’s lower abdomen or thighs. This positioning creates a stronger centre of gravity and enhances the throw’s effectiveness. Like Ashi-guruma, this technique excels when the opponent is off-balance and moving forward. The judoka can rotate them around the leg axis, maximizing the chances of a successful throw.

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Harai-goshi: The Sweeping Hip Technique

Harai-goshi, known as the "sweeping hip" technique, adds a different dimension to throws in judo. This technique begins by breaking the opponent's balance forward. The judoka then loads the opponent onto the back of their right hip while using the right leg to sweep them off their feet. This sweeping action effectively destabilizes the opponent, making it easier to perform the throw. Harai-goshi is particularly useful in reversing aggressive movements from the opponent, turning their energy against them.

Mastering the Techniques

Mastering Ashi-guruma, O-guruma, and Harai-goshi techniques in Judo does require practice and understanding of body mechanics. Each technique emphasizes the importance of timing, precision, and control. Practitioners should spend time perfecting their movements and fluidity to transition smoothly from one technique to another. Additionally, practising with a partner can enhance understanding of these techniques in real-world scenarios.

As you progress in your judo training, incorporate these three techniques into your repertoire. They not only broaden your skill set but also deepen your understanding of balance and leverage in judo. By mastering these techniques, you significantly improve your chances of executing successful throws in competitions and self-defence situations.

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Richard

Ko-soto-gari & Ko-soto-gake Judo Throws From The GoKyo

Understanding Ko-soto-gari & Ko-soto-gake: Key Differences in Judo

In Judo, subtle differences between techniques can drastically change their execution and impact. Ko-soto-gari & Ko-soto-gake are two such closely related techniques that often confuse beginners and even some advanced judoka. While both involve attacking the opponent's leg from the outside and breaking their balance backward, their mechanics differ significantly.

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Ko-soto-gari: The Art of Reaping the Leg

Ko-soto-gari, also known as the "small outer reap," is a technique where the judoka uses their left foot to reap or sweep the opponent's right foot from the outside. The key is to break the opponent's balance backward while targeting their foot. As the attacker reaps, they pull the opponent's upper body backward, forcing them to fall. The timing and synchronization between breaking balance and reaping the leg make this technique effective.

One common mistake in Ko-soto-gari is not fully committing to breaking the opponent’s balance before reaping. Without proper kuzushi (balance breaking), your opponent can counter. Thus, mastering balance disruption is critical for success with this technique.

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Ko-soto-gake: Hooking the Leg to Uplift the Opponent

On the other hand, Ko-soto-gake differs in its use of hooking rather than reaping. In this technique, the judoka hooks their left leg around the opponent's right leg from the outside. Instead of reaping the leg, the judoka pulls the opponent’s body upward while simultaneously breaking their balance backward. This dual action results in the opponent being lifted slightly off the ground before they are thrown.

In Ko-soto-gake, the hooking motion creates a stronger connection with the opponent’s leg, offering more control. This is particularly useful against opponents who are skilled at maintaining their balance. The judoka’s upward pull combined with the leg hook effectively neutralizes the opponent’s ability to regain stability.

Key Differences Between Ko-soto-gari & Ko-soto-gake

Though Ko-soto-gari & Ko-soto-gake appear similar, their core mechanics differ. Ko-soto-gari focuses on reaping the leg, relying on sharp timing and proper balance breaking. In contrast, Ko-soto-gake emphasizes hooking and uplifting the opponent to throw them.

Ko-soto-gari tends to be faster and more fluid, making it ideal for catching opponents off guard. Ko-soto-gake, however, offers more control over the opponent’s movement and is often used when reaping techniques fail to break through an opponent's defences.

Both techniques require precision, balance, and commitment to execute effectively. Understanding the distinct mechanics of Ko-soto-gari & Ko-soto-gake helps judoka select the right technique based on the situation.

The video below is great but it does not discuss the breaking of the balance (kuzushi). So that will be a topic for another blog post.

 

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Sensai
Richard

Deashi Barai - Judo’s Advancing Foot Sweep

Mastering Deashi Barai - Judo’s Advancing Foot Sweep

Deashi Barai, often translated as the advancing foot sweep, stands as a fundamental technique in judo. The term "Deashi Barai" breaks down into three key components: "de" meaning to come out or forward, "ashi" referring to the foot, and "barai" meaning to sweep. This technique focuses on sweeping an opponent's foot as they step forward, taking advantage of their forward momentum.

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I have previously given my comprehensive version of how to do De Ashi Barai, and you would do well to examine that article. But this video not only gives a good discussion and demonstration of the throw but also covers counters and combinations using it, as well as a brief and very interesting history.

Historical Significance

Deashi Barai has a rich history, especially within the Kodokan Judo school. It gained significant attention during a famous tournament in 1886, where Kodokan Judo emerged victorious against other jiu-jitsu schools in Japan. The Kodokan players became renowned for their ability to swiftly execute Deashi Barai, sweeping their opponents off their feet before they could react. This technique quickly became symbolic of Kodokan Judo, emphasizing its importance in the art.

Key Elements of Deashi Barai

To effectively perform Deashi Barai, understanding its core principles is crucial. These principles include kuzushi (off-balancing), tsukuri (positioning), and kake (execution).

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Kuzushi (Off-Balancing)

The success of Deashi Barai heavily depends on timing. As your opponent steps forward, their weight shifts to their front foot. This moment presents an opportunity to disrupt their balance. By catching their foot during this weight transfer, you create a kuzushi, breaking their posture and setting up the sweep.

Tsukuri (Positioning)

Positioning plays a vital role in the success of Deashi Barai. You and your opponent should align as if both of your feet are on parallel rails. As your opponent steps forward, shift your back foot to align with your forward foot, positioning yourself directly in front of their advancing foot. This positioning allows for a more effective sweep.

Kake (Execution)

The execution of Deashi Barai involves sweeping your opponent's foot diagonally across the mat using your little toe close to the floor. Your leg should swing like a broom, keeping your hips forward throughout the sweep. The key to a successful kake lies in following your own foot’s path, ensuring that you continue driving your opponent's weight toward their swept foot.

Defence Against Deashi Barai

Understanding the principles behind Deashi Barai - Judo’s Advancing Foot Sweep, also allows for effective defense against it. The technique relies on precise timing and balance disruption, making these areas the primary focus for defence.

An opponent can defend against Deashi Barai by preserving their balance and quickly pulling their foot back before the sweep connects. Alternatively, they can drive their weight down onto the advancing foot, making it difficult to execute the sweep.

Combination Techniques

When your opponent defends against Deashi Barai by pulling their foot back, you can follow up with a combination technique. For instance, after a failed sweep, you can transition into a Kosoto Gari by continuing to apply pressure and re-engaging with a different attack. If they put their weight down to defend, they may turn their back slightly, making them vulnerable to an Osoto Guruma, allowing you to capitalize on their defensive posture.

Mastering Deashi Barai

Mastering Deashi Barai - Judo’s Advancing Foot Sweep requires a deep understanding of timing, positioning, and execution. By honing these Mastering Deashi Baraiskills and recognizing defensive strategies, you can effectively integrate this technique into your judo practice.

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Judo Hane Goshi: The Spring Hip Throw

Understanding Hane Goshi

Hane Goshi, meaning "Spring Hip Throw," is a dynamic hip technique (Koshiwaza) in Judo. Its name derives from the coiled, spring-like action of the attacking leg. The technique was devised by Yamashita, one of Jigoro Kano's earliest students and a frequent uke (partner). Kano, who had a leg injury that sometimes affected his ability to straighten his leg, inspired this throw. Yamashita adapted this technique to accommodate Kano's condition, leading to the creation of Hane Goshi.

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Historical Context

The Hane Goshi gained popularity in the 1910s and 1920s. One of the key figures in popularizing this technique was Mr. Hane Goshi, a teacher of one of the author’s instructors. This throw remains a fundamental and widely practised technique in Judo today.

Technique Execution

The execution of Hane Goshi involves several critical steps:

1. Gripping and Positioning: Secure a firm grip on your opponent's sleeve with your right hand, creating a rocking motion to lift and off-balance them. Your left-hand lifts as your body rotates, pulling on the sleeve for a balanced entry.
2. Stepping In: Step in with your left foot, positioning yourself centrally. This close-contact throw requires the same two-pull positioning seen in techniques like Uchi Mata.
3. Leg Placement: Unlike Uchi Mata, where the leg moves opposite to the arm, Hane Goshi's leg moves more independently. The attacking leg goes inside your opponent’s leg, with your toes close to the floor and the leg coiled like a spring.
4. Body Contact: Maintain tight body contact from your thigh to your calf. The leg should not block or hit the opponent's leg but fit snugly inside, allowing control over your opponent's body.
5. Throwing Motion: Typically, throw your opponent to the front using a see-sawing movement. Tip your head and raise your leg, kicking out to the rear corner. The throw's success relies on coordinated upper-body pull and lower-body lift.

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Where Judoka Go Wrong

The thing to remember and the point at which most Judoka go wrong when trying to execute this throw, is the failure to remember that this is a Goshi. It is a hip throw. It is not a leg throw. Your objective is to take your opponent primarily over your hip. If your hip does not make full contact you cannot expect to throw your Uke. Remember you are trying to throw Uke over your hip not sweep them with your leg. In effect, your leg in this case becomes an extension of your hip. Thus your hip and leg should all make contact at the same time. Only then can you use your hip as a fulcrum so your arms can complete the throw.

Differences from Uchi Mata

Hane Goshi differs from Uchi Mata in the placement and action of the attacking leg. While Uchi Mata targets the groin area, Hane Goshi's leg is more forgiving, accommodating weight distribution over the right leg. This flexibility makes Hane Goshi more accessible for beginners who may struggle with the precise positioning required for Uchi Mata.

Throwing Directions and Variations

Hane Goshi offers versatility in throwing directions. Depending on your control and the lift, you can throw your opponent to the front or rear. Modern Hane Goshi uses one leg against one leg, while older versions involve curling the leg against both of your opponent's legs. This older method can be helpful for teaching beginners, allowing them to grasp the technique's fundamentals before mastering finer details.

Importance of Rhythm and Timing

Achieving the right rhythm and timing is crucial for Hane Goshi. Proper sequence and body coordination are necessary to lift your opponent effectively. Avoid pushing your opponent back with your leg; instead, use a see-saw motion, lifting the leg as your head tips down. This coordinated action ensures the upper and lower body work together, creating a unified and effective throw.

Defending Against Hane Goshi

To defend against Hane Goshi, you can target the standing leg or slip past the attacking leg. One method involves using a knee-down Kosoto Gari to attack the standing leg while thrusting your hips. Another defence, called Hane Goshi Kaeshi, involves attacking the standing leg from the front, simultaneously disrupting the coiled attacking leg.

Final Thoughts

Hane Goshi remains a fundamental and versatile technique in Judo. Its unique blend of power, precision, and adaptability makes it a valuable addition to any judoka's repertoire. Whether you're a beginner or an advanced practitioner, mastering Hane Goshi can enhance your throwing skills and overall effectiveness on the mat.

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Sensai
Richard

Judo's Uki Otoshi Mastery

Mastering Judo Uki Otoshi

Ever felt overwhelmed by life's challenges? As emotion influences our daily struggles, mastering Judo's Uki Otoshi requires focus and technique. Well, you are not alone.

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Technique Involvement Matters

In Judo, active participation in techniques like Uki Otoshi is crucial. Passive movements won't cut it. Imagine trying to navigate the challenges of life without being fully engaged - you're bound to stumble. Similarly, when executing Uki Otoshi, be present, be active, and watch how your game transforms.

Unraveling Uki Otoshi

Let's dissect Uki Otoshi. Visualize yourself in a fight scenario, that split second where Uki Otoshi becomes the game-changer. The key lies in timing and precision. Understanding the nuanced application of Uki Otoshi can turn the tide in your favour when facing an opponent.

Overcoming Challenges Gracefully

Balancing act: a challenge in Judo and in life. When executing Uki Otoshi, maintaining balance and positioning can be tricky. Pay attention to your centre of gravity, adjust swiftly, and conquer the art of stability. Just like in life, find your balance and the rest falls into place.

Art of Effective Communication

Sometimes, it's not about what you say but how you say it. In Judo, like in any interaction, communication is key. Adjust your pace, modulate your volume, and engrave a rhythm for effective transmission of techniques. Remember, clear communication leads to smoother executions.

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Precision Through Footwork

Step by step, literally. Uki Otoshi demands precise foot placement and seamless turns. Think of your feet as your guides, your anchors in the storm of throws. Work on the subtleties, the angles and the transitions. Every movement counts towards mastering Uki Otoshi.

Dominating with Chest Rotation

Here's the twist - literally. Mastery of Uki Otoshi involves fluid chest rotation paired with precise hip and foot positioning. Control your opponent through subtle movements, guiding them to the inevitable throw. Remember, the rotation is not just physical, it's mental.

Mastering the Journey

Mastering Judo's Uki Otoshi is a journey of discipline, focus, and finesse. Just as in life, each technique, each throw, teaches us about ourselves and our capabilities. Embrace the challenges, refine your skills, and watch as Uki Otoshi transforms from a move to an art.

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Sensai
Richard

O-Soto-Guruma, Hiza Guruma Etc. Why The Word is in All The All The Guruma Throws

O-Soto-Guruma, Hiza Guruma Etc. Why The Word is in All The All The Guruma Throws

In the first few moments of the Hiza Guruma video below there is a description of the word Guruma. As I was always taught by my sensei he says that the word Guruma means wheel. He also says in passing that it also means motor car. This turns out to be an incomplete explanation. The kanji in the throw name is 車. I have heard it suggested that this is because a car has a steering wheel. Thus distinguishing it from a cart or carriage. Which have different Japanese names. Added to this, I was taught that "car" was pronounced "Kuruma", not Guruma. One explanation of this is the word Kuruma has been anglicised to Guruma. The problem is that all of these definitions are very simplistic. It can mean wheel but it can also mean turning as well as a bunch of other things. All of which may be of interest to Japanese language students but what does it have to do with O-Soto-Guruma.

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The use of the word Guruma as wheel, in o-Soto-Guruma has always been confusing to me. Because there seemed to me to be no wheeling action in the throw. It was more of a driving action. Different instructors have tried to demonstrate the wheel action in the throw but I could never see it. For the most part, that was also the case for most of the Guruma Judo throws. It didn't help when I learned that Guruma was related to Kuruma (car). Thus the driving action made sense. Unfortunately, historically, that is not what is intended.

It took me a long time to learn that the wheeling action is not over the leg at all, as I thought and taught. There is in fact a twisting action, similar to  Uki-Goshi in the throw. It is this twisting action that is defined by the word Guruma. This is where the videos come in. If you watch closely you can see the turning action to complete the throw. Both O-Soto-Guruma and Hiza Guruma are good examples of this when taught properly.

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It is more than just seeing that there is a wheel in the throw after all. The throw is executed much more effectively when there is a twisting action in the throw. Where Tori rotates their hips and does not push with their arms to complete the throw. In the same way, the arms in O-Soto-Guruma are not doing the bulk of the pulling. Rather they are holding Uke in place as Tori rotates. Also, the leg is not sweeping. Though there may be some sweep due to momentum. But primarily the leg is stopping Uke from going where Tori does not want them to go.

If O-Soto-Gari is a throw of your choice, you would be well served to pay attention to these two videos below.

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Richard

Tsuri-Goshi Tips: Mastering the Art & Unveiling the Techniques

Decoding Tsuri-Goshi: Mastering Judo's Hip Throw Techniques

Tsuri-goshi, a dynamic hip throw technique in Judo reminiscent of traditional Japanese sakana-tsuri fishing, involves lifting and pulling with finesse. I think my previous article Tsuri Goshi: Master Judo's Powerful Hip Throw Technique, gives a clearer explanation of the throw itself but this video gives several tips that I think would be very useful to anybody struggling with the throw.

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Ko-tsuri-goshi: Elevating the Game

Similar to o-goshi in appearance, ko-tsuri-goshi distinguishes itself by gripping the belt and lifting. The lift creates a unique entry, allowing a swift transition. The key lies in maintaining kuzushi—the continuous off-balance of the opponent.

Kuzushi Never Stops: The Essence of Success

In the realm of tsuri-goshi, the question arises: Do you pull up, pull out, or pull around? The answer lies in adaptability. Kuzushi must persist, adjusting according to the opponent's height and situation.

Perfecting Your Technique: How to Practice Tsuri-Goshi

To master tsuri-goshi, one must focus on the subtle rocking motion. Mimic the lift by rocking back and forth, ensuring a seamless transition between the two variations. The head plays a pivotal role in achieving the desired elevation.

Footwork Fundamentals

Footwork diverges in ko-tsuri-goshi and o-tsuri-goshi. Ko-tsuri-goshi adopts an uki-goshi style, while O-tsuri-goshi aligns with the footwork of o-goshi. Tailoring foot placement enhances the efficiency of each technique.

Hand Placement: The Key to Effective Tsuri-Goshi

For ko-tsuri-goshi, optimal hand placement is crucial. Placing your hand closer to the center rather than too far ensures a more potent lift. The belt becomes the focal point, lifting your opponent gracefully.

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Arm Placement: It is All A Matter Of Preference.

Any student of Judo should have a copy of "Kodokan Judo: The Essential Guide to Judo by Its Founder Jigoro Kano". In it you will find this throw has a number of variations of the arm placement. Until I learned that one throw is distinguished from another by its Kuzushi I found this multi-option arm placement very confusing. However, now I know that the placement of the arm does not affect the nature of the Kuzushi in this throw so it is they are simply variations of the same throw. None of these variation are in this video.

The Art of Hip Strike: Targeting the Mata

In both ko-tsuri-goshi and o-tsuri-goshi, precision is vital. Aiming the hip bone directly into the opponent's mata—the inside of the V—creates a powerful strike, lifting them effortlessly. This is the key to executing a successful tsuri-goshi.

O-tsuri-goshi: Adapting to the Opposition

O-tsuri-goshi shines when facing a resisting opponent. The grip on the belt remains pivotal, with strategic hand placement and a well-timed shoulder strike setting the stage for a dynamic throw.

Whipping It Good: Adding Velocity to Your Turn

Creating velocity is synonymous with success in tsuri-goshi. The whipping motion amplifies the turn, mirroring the power of a tornado. Turning your head further enhances the technique, adding finesse to your execution.

Alternative Grips: Beyond the Belt

While the belt is a conventional grip, one can explore alternatives. Gripping the pants is an option, though caution is advised to avoid discomfort. The historical context of practicing without undergarments adds a humorous touch to this aspect.

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Richard

O GURUMA A Classic Throw That Continues to Work

Unveiling the Art of O Guruma: A Dynamic Judo Throw

With the Go kyo, O Guruma is a dynamic and powerful technique.

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O Guruma Overview:

O Guruma, translated as "large wheel" in Japanese, is classified as a forward sacrifice throw. This means that the judoka executing the throw sacrifices their own balance and position to off-balance and throw their opponent. O Guruma involves a sweeping motion that resembles the turning of a wheel, hence its name.

Execution Technique:

1. Kuzushi (Off-Balancing)

As with many judo throws, O Guruma begins with kuzushi, the art of breaking the opponent's balance. The judoka aims to destabilize the opponent by applying pressure in the direction opposite to where the throw will occur.

2. Grip and Entry

Proper grip is crucial in executing O Guruma. The judoka typically secures a grip on the opponent's upper body, usually the lapel and sleeve. Once the grip is established, the judoka steps in close to the opponent, maintaining a strong and controlled posture.

3. Sweeping Motion

A major mistake the people make, and it is the same one they make for Hiza Guruma, is that there is no sweep. It looks like there is because of the motion of the body but it is incidental to the throw. Tori places their leg across the front of the opponent's body and pulls, creating a wheel-like motion. The objective is to use the leg to take control of the opponent's centre of gravity.

4. Rotation and Completion

As the pulling around motion takes effect, as Tori rotates their body, turning the opponent over the raised leg. The throw is completed as the judoka directs the opponent to the ground with controlled force.

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Key Points of Emphasis:

1. Timing

O Guruma demands precise timing. The judoka must execute the throw at the opportune moment when the opponent's balance is compromised.

2. Control

Maintaining control throughout the throw is essential. The judoka must guide the opponent's descent to ensure a clean and effective execution.

3. Commitment

O Guruma requires commitment and confidence. The judoka must be willing to commit to the successful execution of the throw.

Applications in Competition:

O Guruma is a versatile throw with applications in both standing and ground situations. In a standing scenario, it can be used to counter an opponent's attack or as an initiative to seize control. On the ground, variations of O Guruma can be applied in the groundwork, showcasing the adaptability of this dynamic technique.

So that is the basics but there are several other key points that the video below deals with. Pay special attention to not just the visual and audio content but the additional on-screen text for a much better understanding of this throw.

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Richard

Yoko-wakare / 横分 / The Art of Redirecting

below are two versions of Yoko-wakare. One is from the Kodakan the other, is named by the author as Hikkikomi Gaeshi / Yoko Wakare, I have included it as it is interesting. Exactly why the author called the throw Hikkikomi Gaeshi / Yoko Wakare I am not sure.

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Hikkikomi Gaeshi

Hikkikomi Gaeshi, as I understand it, is used to refer to a counter technique where the defender evades an opponent's attack and uses their momentum against them, throwing them to the ground. This technique requires timing, precision, and a deep understanding of the opponent's movements.

The term "Hikkikomi" can be translated to "drawing in" or "pulling," indicating the concept of redirecting the opponent's force. Gaeshi means "reversal" or "counter." Therefore, Hikkikomi Gaeshi involves drawing in the attacking force and countering with a throw.

This technique exemplifies the principle of using an opponent's energy against them, a fundamental concept in many martial arts.

I am not sure how the counter aspect of Hikkikomi Gaeshi applies to the video of that name below. But as I say I like the variation so I have included it.

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Yoko Wakare

As for Yoko Wakare itself, the term "Yoko" commonly means "side" or "horizontal," and "Wakare" means "separation" or "splitting." It is a technique where the defender utilizes their hip movement to unbalance the opponent to the side and throw them to the ground.

This technique often involves a dynamic sideward movement, with the defender stepping aside and using their hip to disrupt the opponent's balance. Yoko Wakare requires a good sense of timing, coordination, and the ability to read the opponent's intentions.

Judo places a significant emphasis on using an opponent's strength and movements against them, and Yoko Wakare is a great example of this strategic approach.

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Richard

Hikkikomi Gaeshi / Yoko Wakare

Osoto Gari: How To Improve Yours By Neil Adams MBE (9TH DAN)

Enhancing Your Osoto Gari

Osoto Gari, a powerful Judo throw, can be improved with the guidance of the esteemed Neil Adams MBE. In this video tutorial, Neil breaks down the essential aspects of perfecting your Osoto Gari, from Uchi Komi to hand positioning and balance.

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Balancing Act

Neil Adams emphasizes the critical role of balance in executing a successful Osoto Gari. Overcommitting or overstepping can throw you off balance. To prevent this, focus on maintaining a balanced stance throughout the technique.

Precision in Hand Positioning

One key element is hand positioning. Neil advises controlling your opponent's posture by manipulating their sleeve hand and the lapel hand. The sleeve hand should pull downwards towards the midsection, ensuring you have the leverage needed to execute the throw.

Weight Transfer

To make your Osoto Gari more powerful, focus on transferring your opponent's weight over the leg you intend to sweep. This shift in weight ensures that your throw will have the desired impact.

The Right Direction

Neil Adams highlights the importance of footwork and direction. Your support leg should not overstep or cross the line, maintaining balance as you initiate the throw. The goal is to transfer your opponent's weight over the targeted leg.

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Practice Makes Perfect

The key to mastering Osoto Gari is practice. Neil suggests breaking down the technique into manageable steps, emphasizing repetition. Start with Uchikomi, performing sets of five repetitions. Focus on hand positioning, balance, and weight transfer, ensuring your movements are precise.

Focus on Weight Transfer

By consistently working on the transfer of your opponent's weight and fine-tuning your hand positioning, you'll be better equipped to execute Osoto Gari effectively. Take your time in practice, refining your technique for a more powerful throw.

Neil Adams MBE's insights and guidance offer valuable lessons for those looking to improve their Osoto Gari. By prioritizing balance, hand positioning, weight transfer, and direction, you can elevate your Judo skills and execute this throw with precision and power. Practice diligently, and you'll soon see significant progress in your Osoto Gari technique.

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Richard

Judo Hiza Guruma (Knee Wheel) Throw

Judo Hiza Guruma (Knee Wheel) Throw

A Comprehensive Guide to the Hiza Guruma Throw

In the world of Judo, mastering a technique requires more than just physical strength; it demands precision, balance, and finesse. One such technique that has captivated practitioners for generations is the "Hiza Guruma" throw, commonly known as the "Knee Wheel" throw. In this article, we explore an instructional video featuring Steve Cunningham as the instructor (tori) and Fred Spaeth as the demonstrator (uke), offering valuable insights into the subtleties of this dynamic Judo move.

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The Hiza Guruma, or Knee Wheel throw, is a captivating technique that exemplifies the grace and power of Judo. This article delves into an instructional video that aims to elucidate the finer points of executing this technique, offering practitioners a valuable resource to refine their skills.

Instructor and Demonstrator

Steve Cunningham, an accomplished Judo practitioner, takes on the role of instructor in the video. As the tori (the person executing the Judo technique), Steve's expertise shines through as he breaks down the mechanics of the Hiza Guruma throw. On the other side of the equation is Fred Spaeth, who plays a pivotal role as the uke (the receiver of the technique). Fred's willingness to participate in the demonstration allows viewers to witness the technique's practical application.

Focus on Technique Demonstration

The instructional video's primary objective is to provide a step-by-step demonstration of the Hiza Guruma throw. It invites viewers to follow along closely, emphasizing key elements necessary for the successful execution of this Judo move.

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Breaking Down the Technique

Hiza Guruma, a combination of "Hiza" (Knee) and "Guruma" (Wheel), resembles a whirling motion, much like a wheel or, interestingly, a car in the Japanese language. The essence of this technique lies in the artful execution of pulling the opponent's knee slightly to the right front corner and, through a well-timed maneuver, causing them to trip over a low obstacle.

Hiza Guruma is categorized as an Ashiwaza, a foot technique. This throw's intriguing history reveals its significance in Judo's evolution, as it was a favourite of Jiu-Jitsu master Takamatsu Sensei, a close friend of Judo's founder, Jigoro Kano. Kano was so impressed by the technique that he incorporated it into the Judo syllabus.

The heart of the Hiza Guruma throw lies in generating a significant amount of power to unbalance the opponent. This is achieved through a well-timed hip swing, creating a circular motion to draw the uke off-balance and overextended. A simple lateral step won't suffice; practitioners must move in a circular motion to ensure the desired effect.

Initiates The Technique

The tori initiates the technique from a normal grip with the uke's right foot slightly behind. To pull off Hiza Guruma successfully, the tori begins by pulling off the end of the uke's shoulder, swinging the hips around to draw them forward, thus utilizing their body weight as a counterweight. This movement is pivotal in drawing the uke out and off-balance.

One critical aspect is to stop the uke's knee from bending as it can spoil the technique. Two methods are employed to prevent this - the tori can either push underneath the knee or lock the knee by applying pressure. This knee control only needs to be maintained for a brief moment to ensure the throw's success.

Crucial to this technique is the positioning of the standing foot. It should point at the foot that will be attacked, enabling the tori to complete the throw to the front. Turning the standing foot is essential, as it facilitates a broad, sweeping hip motion that creates the necessary off-balance (Kazushi) for the technique.

Showcases The Beauty And Effectiveness

Hiza Guruma throw, with its intricate details and reliance on perfect timing, showcases the beauty and effectiveness of Judo techniques. The instructional video featuring Steve Cunningham and Fred Spaeth offers invaluable guidance for Judo enthusiasts eager to refine their understanding and execution of this dynamic throw. As you delve deeper into the world of Judo, remember that mastery is not about brute force, but finesse and precision - principles exemplified by the Hiza Guruma.

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Richard

Kata Guruma Competition Legal Variations

Kata Guruma Competition Legal Variations

Judo, a martial art and sport known for its dynamic throws and techniques, has a rich history filled with various techniques and styles. One such technique, Kata Guruma, has gained prominence over the years due to its effectiveness and aesthetic appeal. In Judo competitions, Kata Guruma is a highly regarded throw that can be a game-changer. However, like many aspects of Judo, Kata Guruma has its own set of rules and legal variations that competitors must be aware of to perform it successfully within the confines of a match.

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The Basics of Kata Guruma

Before diving into the legal variations, it's essential to understand the fundamental aspects of Kata Guruma. Kata Guruma, which translates to "Shoulder Wheel" in Japanese, is a throw that involves using one's shoulder as the primary point of contact to throw an opponent. The technique requires precise timing, balance, and execution.

The traditional Kata Guruma involves grabbing your opponent's lapel and sleeve, stepping in close, and placing your shoulder against their chest or upper body. You then lift your opponent onto your shoulder and execute a controlled rotation to throw them to the ground. This technique can be visually stunning and highly effective when executed correctly.

Legal Variations

In Judo competitions, including Kata Guruma in your arsenal can be a game-changer. However, it's crucial to understand the legal variations and nuances associated with this technique to avoid penalties or disqualifications. Here are some essential legal variations to consider:

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1. Contact Point

The most critical aspect of Kata Guruma's legality is the contact point. According to Judo rules, you are not allowed to make direct contact with your opponent's head, neck or legs. Therefore, while performing Kata Guruma, ensure that your shoulder contacts the upper chest or torso area rather than the head or neck.

2. Grip

Proper gripping technique is crucial in Judo, and it also applies to Kata Guruma. You must maintain a strong grip on your opponent's gi (uniform) while performing the throw. Any illegal grip, such as grabbing inside the sleeves or crossing your hands, can lead to penalties.

3. Controlled Rotation

Kata Guruma should be executed with control. Throwing your opponent too aggressively or recklessly can result in a disqualification, as it violates the principle of safety in Judo.

4. Timing and Positioning

The timing and positioning of Kata Guruma are critical. You must initiate the throw when your opponent is off-balance or in a vulnerable position. Attempting Kata Guruma when your opponent is firmly grounded and balanced may not yield the desired results and could expose you to counterattacks.

5. Follow Through

After executing Kata Guruma, it's essential to maintain control over your opponent throughout the throw and ensure a safe landing. Releasing your opponent abruptly or failing to provide a controlled descent can lead to penalties.

6. No Sacrifice Throws

In some Judo competitions, certain variations of Kata Guruma are prohibited. These include using Kata Guruma as a sacrifice throw, where you intentionally fall to the ground along with your opponent. This is considered illegal in many Judo tournaments.

Kata Guruma is A Captivating And Effective Judo Technique

Kata Guruma is a captivating and effective Judo technique that can give you an advantage in competitions. However, mastering this technique requires a thorough understanding of its legal variations and adherence to Judo's rules and principles. Proper execution, timing, and control are crucial for success while avoiding penalties or disqualifications.

As with any martial art, continuous practice, guidance from experienced instructors, and a commitment to sportsmanship are essential for becoming proficient in Kata Guruma and using it effectively within the bounds of Judo's regulations. By mastering these legal variations, you can harness the power of Kata Guruma to excel in Judo competitions while showcasing the beauty and effectiveness of this dynamic throw.

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Richard